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Russia, Nizhny Novgorod

TsWiWaT
Thermostratified Wind-Wave Tank

Operational

The Thermostratified Wind-Wave Tank (TsWiWaT) is a unique experimental facility, which allows laboratory modeling of hydrophysical processes in the subsurface layer of the ocean, marine atmosphere boundary layer, as well as wind-wave interaction under a wide range of conditions. One of the main feature of the facility is the possibility to prepare conditions of temperature stratification (which strongly affects on the processes in hydrosphere) and maintain it for a long time. Extreme conditions concerning with high winds up to 50 m/s such as intensive wavebreaking, spray of droplets generation at the interface between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere (for storms and hurricanes) can also be simulated on this unique facility.

Commissioning: 2009
Modernization: 2019

CONTACT US OFFICIAL WEB-SITE

Institute of Applied Physics

http://www.ipfran.ru/english/info_e.html

SCIENTIFIC DOMAINS

Physical Oceanography, Marine sciences,
Atmosphere-Ocean interaction, Fluid mechanics, Hydrophysics

Key words: laboratory modeling, waves, high winds, turbulence, stratification

SCIENTIFIC GOALS

 

The purpose of the complex is laboratory modeling of physical phenomena in geospheric and other planetary shells, including hydrophysical processes in the upper ocean layer and the atmospheric drive layer in a wide range of parameters from calm to hurricane.

 

FACILITIES

 

Large Thermostratified Test Tank (LTST)

  • Dimensions: 20 m × 4 m × 2 m
  • Fridge power: 150 kW
  • Temperature difference between the bottom and the surface: up to 21°С
  • Depth of the temperature step position: 0.6 m
  • Maximum value of the buyoancy frequency: 0.3 rad/s
  • Speed of the towing trolley: 0.02…1.0 m/s
  • Diameters of the cylinders of the surface-wave generator: 5, 10, and 16 mm
  • Frequency of the surface-wave generator: 1…4 Hz
  • Amplitude of vertical oscillations of the wave generator: up to 5 cm
  • Dimensions of the plate of the internal-wave generator: 3.5 × 0.7 m
  • Frequency of the internal-wave generator: 0.008 … 0.05 Hz
  • Amplitude of internal waves: 0.1 … 4 cm

 

High-speed Wind-Wave Flume (HSWWF)

  • Dimensions of the straight section of the air channel above the water surfce: 0.7 m × 0.7 m inlet and 0.7 m × 0.9 m outlet
  • Total length 12 m
  • Range of axis wind speed in the working section of the flume: 0 … 33 m/s
  • Corresponding equivalent 10 m wind speed for real conditions: 0 … 50 m/s
  • Temperature of the air flow in the channel: -2°C … +45°C
  • Temperature of the water surface in the channel: +5°C … +25°C
  • Frequency of the surface wavemaker: 0.5 … 2.5 Hz
  • Amplitude of vertical oscillations of the wavemaker: up to 5 cm

 

CHALLENGES

 

  • study of the processes in the subsurface layer of the ocean, including natural phenomena and anthropogenic effects;
  • laboratory modeling of the interaction of the atmosphere and the hydrosphere for a wide range of conditions;
  • development of the methods of remote sensing of marine boundary layer;
  • tests of measuring equipment used in meteorological and hydrologic environments.

PARTNERSHIP PROPOSAL

 

PARTNERS

PUBLICATIONS

  • Troitskaya Y., Kandaurov A., Zotova A., Korsukova E., and Sergeev D. 2022: Statistical Characteristics of Droplets Formed due to the “Bag-Breakup” Fragmentation Event at the Interface between Water and High-Speed Air Flow J. Phys. Oceanogr., 53, 2331–2352, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-23-0037.1.
  • Troitskaya, Y., D. A. Sergeev, A. A. Kandaurov, G. A. Baidakov, M. A. Vdovin, and V. I. Kazakov, 2012: Laboratory and theoretical modeling of air-sea momentum transfer under severe wind conditions. J. Geophys. Res., 117, C00J21, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007778.
  • Troitskaya, Y, A. Kandaurov, O. Ermakova, D. Kozlov, D. Sergeev, and S. Zilitinkevich, 2017: Bag breakup fragmentation as the dominant mechanism of sea-spray production in high winds. Sci. Rep., 7, 1614, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01673-9.
  • Troitskaya, Y, A. Kandaurov, O. Ermakova, D. Kozlov, D. Sergeev, and S. Zilitinkevich, 2018a: The “bag breakup” spume droplet generation mechanism at high winds. Part I: Spray generation function. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 2167–2188, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-17-0104.1.
  • Troitskaya, S. Zilitinkevich, O. Druzhinin, D. Kozlov, and S. Zilitinkevich, 2018b: The “bag breakup” spume droplet generation mechanism at high winds. Part II: Contribution to momentum and enthalpy transfer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 2189–2207, https://doi.org/10. 1175/JPO-D-17-0105.1.
  • Troitskaya, Y., A. Kandaurov, O. Ermakova, D. Kozlov, A. Zotova, and D. Sergeev, 2022: The small-scale instability of the air–water interface responsible for the bag-breakup fragmentation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 52, 493–517, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D- 21-0192.1.
  • Troitskaya, Y., Sergeev D., Kandaurov A., Vdovin M., and Zilitinkevich S., 2019: The Effect of Foam on Waves and the Aerodynamic Roughness of the Water Surface at High Winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr.,  49, 959–981. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-18-0168.1
  • Takagaki, N, Suzuki, N., Troitskaya, Y., Tanaka, C., Kandaurov, A., Vdovin, M. 2020:. Effects of current on wind waves in strong winds. Ocean Science. 16. 1033-1045. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1033-2020.
  • Troitskaya Y. Sergeev D., Vdovin M., Kandaurov A., Ermakova O., Takagaki N. A laboratory study of the effect of surface waves on heat and momentum transfer at high wind speeds. 2020: A Laboratory Study of the Effect of Surface Waves on Heat and Momentum Transfer at High Wind Speeds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 125. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016276

CONTACTS



Yuliya I. Troitskaya, Daniil A. Sergeev


Facility Director Head, Nonlinear Geophysical Processes Dept. (230) ; Facility Deputy Director Head of Laboratory of Experimenal Methods in Geophysical and Technical Hydrodynamics (232)